Jul/
1:
Events that occurred on this day:
1867 Canadian Independence Day
1898 The Battle of San Juan Hill
1997 Hong Kong returned to China
1956 Ike's Interstates
1863 The Battle of Gettysburg begins
1947 "Mr. X" article appears in Foreign Affairs
1937 Attempt to frame church deacon for murder is foiled
1941 NBC airs first official TV commercial
1804 George Sand is born
1887 Gunfighter Clay Allison killed
1965 Ball recommends compromise in Vietnam
1862 The Tax Man Cometh
1942 The Battle of El Alamein begins
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Jul/
1:
BATTLE OF THE SOMME BEGINS:
July 1, 1916
At 7:30 a.m. on this day, the British launch a massive offensive against German forces in the Somme River region of France. During the preceding week, 250,000 Allied shells had pounded German positions near the Somme, and 100,000 British soldiers poured out of their trenches and into no-man's-land on July 1, expecting to find the way cleared for them. However, scores of heavy German machine guns had survived the artillery onslaught, and the infantry were massacred. By the end of the day, 20,000 British soldiers were dead and 40,000 wounded. It was the single heaviest day of casualties in British military history. The disastrous Battle of the Somme stretched on for more than four months, with the Allies advancing a total of just five miles.
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Jul/
2:
AMELIA EARHART DISAPPEARS:
July 2, 1937
The Lockheed aircraft carrying American aviator Amelia Earhart and navigator Frederick Noonan is reported missing near Howland Island in the Pacific. The pair were attempting to fly around the world when they lost their bearings during the most challenging leg of the global journey: Lae, New Guinea, to Howland Island, a tiny island 2,227 nautical miles away, in the center of the Pacific Ocean.
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Jul/
2:
Events that occurred on this day:
1839 Mutiny on the Amistad slave ship
1881 President Garfield shot
1900 Zeppelin demonstrates airship
1964 Johnson signs Civil Rights Act
1992 One Million 'Vettes
1863 The second day of battle at Gettysburg
1947 Soviet Union rejects Marshall Plan assistance
1881 President Garfield is shot
1934 Fox signs Shirley Temple
1992 Stephen Hawkings breaks British bestseller records
1809 Chief Tecumseh urges Indians to unite against whites
1964 Republican Congressional leaders attack Johnson's policy
1890 Shermanęs March Against Monopolies
1944 American bombers deluge Budapest-in more ways than one
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Jul/
3:
Events that occurred on this day:
1775 Washington assumes command
1988 U.S. warship downs Iranian passenger jet
1978 Renowned Bean Counter Dies
1863 Pickett leads his infamous charge at Gettysburg
1957 Khrushchev consolidates his power
1989 A mother is arrested and accused of killing her four children
1971 Jim Morrison dies
1908 M.F.K. Fisher is born
1890 Idaho becomes 43rd state
1968 U.S. command announces new high in casualties
1996 Rail Giants at the Altar
1940 Operation Catapult is launched
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Jul/
3:
LEE DEFEATED AT GETTYSBURG:
July 3, 1863
The third day of the Battle of Gettysburg, Confederate General Robert E. Lee's last attempt at breaking the Union line ends in disastrous failure, bringing the most decisive battle of the American Civil War to an end.
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Jul/
4:
Events that occurred on this day:
1776 Independence Day
1826 Death of the founding fathers
1997 Pathfinder lands on Mars
1984 A King's Independence
1863 Surrender of Vicksburg
1987 Soviets rock for peace
1954 A sensationalized murder trial inspires The Fugitive
1914 Griffith begins filming Birth of a Nation
1855 First edition of Walt Whitman's Leaves of Grass is published
1804 Lewis and Clark celebrate July 4
1963 South Vietnamese officers plot coup
1840 The Locofocos' Fiscal Follies
1943 Polish general fighting for justice dies tragically
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Jul/
5:
Events that occurred on this day:
1865 Salvation Army founded
1950 First U.S. fatality in the Korean War
1933 Life In The Fast Lane
1861 Battle of Carthage, Missouri
1959 U.S. visitors to Soviet exhibition in New York express their feelings
1921 The "Black Sox" are accused of throwing the World Series
1957 Ava Gardner and Frank Sinatra divorce
1880 George Bernard Shaw quits his job
1896 Bill Doolin escapes from jail
1966 Governors express support for U.S. global commitments
1935 The Wagner Act
1940 United States passes Export Control Act
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Jul/
5:
BIKINI INTRODUCED:
July 5, 1946
French designer Louis Reard unveils a daring two-piece swimsuit at the Piscine Molitor, a popular swimming pool in Paris. Parisian showgirl Micheline Bernardini modeled the new fashion, which Reard dubbed "bikini," inspired by a news-making U.S. atomic test that took place off the Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean earlier that week.
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Jul/
6:
Events that occurred on this day:
1942 Frank family takes refuge
1944 The Hartford Circus Fire
1967 Civil war in Nigeria
1976 Women inducted into U.S. Naval Academy
1955 Smog Control
1864 Jubal Early occupies Hagerstown, Maryland
1963 U.S. policymakers express optimism
1946 George "Bugs" Moran is arrested
1957 Paul McCartney meets John Lennon
1935 Dalai Lama, leader of Tibet and bestselling author, is born
1862 Mark Twain begins reporting in Virginia City
1955 Diem says South Vietnam not bound by Geneva Agreements
1981 Dupont Diversifies...and then Divests
1944 Georges Mandel, French patriot, is executed
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Jul/
6:
SATCHMO DIES:
July 6, 1971
Louis "Satchmo" Armstrong, one of the most influential musicians of the 20th century, dies in New York City at the age of 69. A world-renowned jazz trumpeter and vocalist, he pioneered jazz improvisation and the style known as swing.
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Jul/
7:
Events that occurred on this day:
1797 The impeachment of Senator Blount
1941 U.S. occupies Iceland
1976 Female cadets enrolled at West Point
1928 Chrysler Plymouth Debuts
1863 Kit Carson's campaign against the Indians
1983 Samantha Smith leaves for visit to the USSR
1865 Mary Surratt becomes the first woman to be executed in the United States
1984 "When Doves Cry" hits No. 1
1852 Birthday of Sherlock Holmes' sidekick, Dr. Watson
1900 Warren Earp killed in Arizona
1955 China announces it will provide aid to Hanoi
1896 The Cross of Gold
1942 Himmler decides to begin medical experiments on Auschwitz prisoners
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Jul/
7:
O'CONNOR NOMINATED TO SUPREME COURT:
July 7, 1981
President Ronald Reagan nominates Sandra Day O'Connor, an Arizona court of appeals judge, to be the first woman Supreme Court justice in U.S. history. On September 21, the Senate unanimously approved her appointment to the nation's highest court, and on September 25 she was sworn in by Chief Justice Warren Burger.
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Jul/
8:
THE LIBERTY BELL RINGS:
July 8, 1776
In Philadelphia, the Liberty Bell rings out from the tower of the Pennsylvania State House (now known as Independence Hall), summoning citizens to the first public reading of the Declaration of Independence, by Colonel John Nixon. On July 4, the historic document was adopted by delegates to the Continental Congress meeting in the State House. However, the Liberty Bell, which bore the apt biblical quotation, "Proclaim Liberty Throughout All the Land unto All the Inhabitants Thereof," was not rung until the Declaration of Independence returned from the printer on July 8.
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Jul/
8:
Events that occurred on this day:
1853 Commodore Perry sails into Tokyo Bay
1950 MacArthur named Korean commander
1994 North Korea's "Great Leader" dies
1909 Romney Sticks to His Guns
1863 Surrender of Port Hudson, Louisiana
1954 Colonel Castillo Armas takes power in Guatemala
1928 A spiteful son kills four in a fit of rage
1952 Angelica Huston is born
1918 Hemingway is wounded
1898 Soapy Smith killed in Skagway, Alaska
1965 Taylor resigns Saigon post
1871 The Fall of the House of Tweed
1941 German general's diary reveals Hitler's plans for Russia
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Jul/
9:
WIMBLEDON TOURNAMENT BEGINS:
July 9, 1877
The All England Croquet and Lawn Tennis Club begins its first lawn tennis tournament at Wimbledon, then an outer-suburb of London. Twenty-one amateurs showed up to compete in the Gentlemen's Singles tournament, the only event at the first Wimbledon. The winner was to take home a 25-guinea trophy.
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Jul/
10:
ALLIES LAND ON SICILY:
July 10, 1943
The Allies begin their invasion of Axis-controlled Europe with landings on the island of Sicily, off mainland Italy. Encountering little resistance from the demoralized Sicilian troops, the British 8th Army under Field Marshal Bernard Law Montgomery came ashore on the southeast of the island, while the U.S. 7th Army under General George S. Patton landed on Sicily's south coast. Within three days, 150,000 Allied troops were ashore
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Jul/
11:
BURR SLAYS HAMILTON IN DUEL:
July 11, 1804
In a duel held in Weehawken, New Jersey, Vice President Aaron Burr fatally shoots his long-time political antagonist Alexander Hamilton. Hamilton, a leading Federalist and the chief architect of America's political economy, died the following day.
Continue
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Jul/
12:
A NEW AGA KHAN:
July 12, 1957
The Nizari Ismaili sect of the Shiite Muslims welcomes a new spiritual leader.....
Continued
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Jul/
13:
LIVE AID CONCERT:
July 13, 1985
At Wembley Stadium in London, Prince Charles and Princess Diana officially open Live Aid, a worldwide rock concert organized to raise money for the relief of famine-stricken Africans.
Continued
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Jul/
14:
BASTILLE STORMED; REVOLUTION BEGINS:
July 14, 1789
Parisian revolutionaries and mutinous troops storm and dismantle the Bastille, a royal fortress that had come to symbolize the tyranny of the Bourbon monarchs.
Continued
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Jul/
15:
REMBRANDT BORN:
July 15, 1606
The great Dutch master Rembrandt van Rijn is born in Leiden on July 15, 1606, the son of a miller.
Continued
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Jul/
16:
JFK JR. KILLED IN PLANE CRASH:
July 16, 1999
John F. Kennedy, Jr.; his wife, and her sister, died...........
Continue
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Jul/
17:
DISNEYLAND OPENS:
July 17, 1955
Disneyland, Walt Disney's metropolis of nostalgia, fantasy, and futurism, opened.
Continue
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Jul/
18:
SPANISH CIVIL WAR BREAKS OUT:
July 18, 1936
The Spanish Civil War begins as a revolt by right-wing Spanish military officers in Spanish Morocco and spreads to mainland Spain.
Continued
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Jul/
19:
SENECA FALLS CONVENTION BEGINS:
July 19, 1848
At the Wesleyan Chapel in Seneca Falls, New York, a woman's rights convention--the first ever held in the United States--convenes with almost 200 women in attendance.
Continued
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Jul/
20:
ARMSTRONG WALKS ON MOON:
July 20, 1969
At 10:56 p.m. EDT, American astronaut Neil Armstrong, 240,000 miles from Earth, speaks these words to more than a billion people listening at home.
Continued
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Jul/
21:
ASWAN HIGH DAM COMPLETED:
July 21, 1970
After 11 years of construction, the Aswan High Dam across the Nile River in Egypt is completed on July 21, 1970.
Continued
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Jul/
22:
DILLINGER GUNNED DOWN:
July 22, 1934
Outside Chicago's Biograph Theatre, notorious criminal John Dillinger--America's "Public Enemy No. 1"--is killed in a hail of bullets fired by federal agents.
continued
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Jul/
23:
THE 12TH STREET RIOT:
July 23, 1967
In the early morning hours, one of the worst riots in U.S. history breaks out on 12th Street in the heart of Detroit's predominantly African American inner city.
Continued
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Jul/
24:
MORMONS SETTLE SALT LAKE VALLEY:
July 24, 1847
After 17 months and many miles of travel, Brigham Young leads 148 Mormon pioneers into Utah's Valley of the Great Salt Lake.
Continued
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Jul/
25:
SHIP COLLISION OFF NANTUCKET:
July 25, 1956
At 11:10 p.m., 45 miles south of Nantucket Island, the Italian ocean liner Andrea Doria and the Swedish ocean liner Stockholm collide in a heavy Atlantic fog.
Continued
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Jul/
26:
FBI FOUNDED:
July 26, 1908
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is born when U.S. Attorney General Charles Bonaparte orders a group of newly hired federal investigators to report to Chief Examiner Stanley W. Finch of the Department of Justice. One year later, the Office of the Chief Examiner was renamed the Bureau of Investigation, and in 1935 it became the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
Continued
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Jul/
27:
ROBESPIERRE OVERTHROWN IN FRANCE:
July 27, 1794
Maximilien Robespierre, the architect of the French Revolution's Reign of Terror, is overthrown and arrested by the National Convention.
Continued
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Jul/
28:
WORST MODERN EARTHQUAKE:
July 28, 1976
At 3:42 a.m., an earthquake measuring between 7.8 and 8.2 magnitude on the Richter scale flattens Tangshan, a Chinese industrial city with a population of about one million people.
Continued
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Jul/
29:
SPANISH ARMADA DEFEATED:
July 29, 1588
Off the coast of Gravelines, France, Spain's so-called "Invincible Armada" is defeated by an English naval force under the command of Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake.
Continued
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Jul/
30:
HENRY MOORE BORN:
July 30, 1898
The English sculptor Henry Moore is born in Castleford, Yorkshire, on July 30, 1898.
Continued
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Jul/
31:
IGNATIUS OF LOYOLA DIES:
July 31, 1556
Ignatius of Loyola, founder of the Jesuit order of Roman Catholic missionaries and educators, dies in Rome.
Continued
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